The Xizang hot-spring keelback, Thermophis baileyi (Reptilia, Colubridae), is a rare species of colubrid snake endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, which achieves the world’s highest altitude distribution among all snakes. Thermophis baileyi is olive green, with five series of indistinct spots dorsally, most pronounced in the forebody. The belly is bluish-grey, with each ventral black basally. The young are darker than adults. Thermophis baileyi has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2011 and listed as Near Threatened. This snake was drawn by Hanwen KANG and Timan YANG.