Spinodal instabilities in QCD matter
Abstract
Relativistic heavy-ion collision (HIC) provides an ideal environment for studying the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The density fluctuation caused by the first-order QCD chiral phase transition process of the quark-gluon plasma created at HIC freezing out to hadron gas, which we called spinodal instabilities, could remain the effect in the final state. In this study, the transport simulation, based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model the mean field approximation is conducted to study the density fluctuation at the spinodal region of the QCD phase diagram. The quark density moments and the density correlation function can quantitatively reflect the state when the system reaches the equilibrium. It is found that, near the central position of the spinodal region, the growth ratio of the density fluctuation becomes larger when the initial temperature of the system is higher with the same initial net-baryon densities, and its dependence on the initial net-baryon densities with the same initial temperature.
