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SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences
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SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences, Volume 64 , Issue 2 : 120301(2021) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-020-2852-1

Ultra-reliable and low-latency communications: applications, opportunities and challenges

Daquan FENG 1, Lifeng LAI 1, Jingjing LUO 2, Yi ZHONG 3,*, Canjian ZHENG 2, Kai YING 4
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  • ReceivedJan 15, 2020
  • AcceptedMar 24, 2020
  • PublishedJan 20, 2021
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References

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  • Click to view Download high-quality image

    Figure 1

    (Color online) Applications and network architecture of URLLC.

  • Table 1  

    Table 1The requirements of mission-critical services in URLLC
    Mission-critical services E2E latency (ms) Reliability (%)
    Industrial automation 0.25–10 99.9999999
    Remote healthcare $<30$ 99.999
    Intelligent transportation 1–100 99.9999
    AR/VR 0.4–20 99.999
    Smart grid3–20 99.999
  • Table 2  

    Table 24G-LTE vs. URLLC
    4G-LTE URLLC in 5G and beyond
    BLER $10^{-1}$ $10^{-5}-10^{-9}$
    End-to-end latency 30–100 ms Several milliseconds
    User plane latency 4 ms range At most 1 ms
    Packet sizes $\gg$ 100 bytes Tens to hundreds of bytes
    TTI 1 ms No more than 0.2–0.25 ms