Multi-scale structure, mechanical behavior, and intelligence of wood-based materials
Abstract
<p indent="0mm">With the world’s increasing focus on environmental protection and sustainable development, the development of sustainable smart materials has become one of the most important research topics in this field. In recent years, wood, with its distinctive hierarchical porous structure and natural characteristics, has emerged as an ideal candidate for constructing smart materials. Building on this foundation, this review explores the unique advantages of wood-based smart materials in terms of structural and chemical composition, beginning with an analysis of wood’s structure and composition. At the molecular scale, the review discusses mechanical behavior mechanisms driven by molecular interactions within wood-based smart materials. Subsequently, it summarizes various microstructural adjustment strategies to enhance the macroscopic mechanical properties of wood-based smart materials at the cellular level. Furthermore, the review analyzes research progress in wood-based smart materials with sensing, environmental responsiveness, shape memory, and self-healing properties. Finally, it concludes by summarizing current challenges in processing techniques and applications of wood-based smart materials, while offering insights into future research directions for this promising field.</p>
